Temperature increases vary across the county, and hot spots of extreme temperatures have been identified. This can be confusing to those who are not experiencing the same degree of change. The largest cities experiencing the most dramatic temperature increases are Los Angeles, San Francisco, New York, and Boston. Other emerging hot spots include Utah, Massachusetts, Connecticut, New Jersey, parts of northern Minnesota, and Alaska. Alaska is experiencing glacier melt, and the permafrost is thawing in several areas. Permafrost thawing is a concern. As the microbes in the soil decompose, more greenhouse gases are released into the atmosphere. This, in turn, can cause temperatures to climb even higher. In addition, we are facing potential shortages of oil and gas. The best solution is for everyone to become as energy efficient as possible, as soon as possible.